Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.5
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	6.08	6.09	10.5				-4.67	4.81	1.78		0.106	0.573	0.714	0.866	0.566
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	9.19	9.20	10.5				-1.69	2.48	1.61		0.469	0.461	0.756	0.990	0.628
CanESM5	[-]	9.56	9.33	10.5				-1.70	3.33	1.30		0.333	0.451	0.820	0.826	0.576
CESM2	[-]	8.08	8.08	10.6		6.98		-2.68	3.04	1.80		0.290	0.530	0.710	0.984	0.609
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	8.21	8.20	10.5				-2.35	2.72	1.67		0.334	0.587	0.767	0.986	0.652
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	9.20	9.16	10.5				-1.80	3.75	1.97		0.381	0.286	0.705	0.931	0.518
MeanCMIP6	[-]	8.37	8.40	10.5				-2.42	2.75	1.19		0.315	0.589	0.820	0.991	0.661
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	6.45	6.36	10.5				-4.36	4.61	2.22		0.127	0.544	0.640	0.935	0.558
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	7.73	7.76	10.5				-3.04	3.35	1.46		0.238	0.577	0.795	0.954	0.628
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	9.16	9.23	10.5				-1.69	2.77	1.31		0.429	0.405	0.799	0.989	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.7
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	8.38	8.67	11.7	6.14			-3.44	3.99	1.46		0.221	0.505	0.796	0.965	0.598
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	10.2	10.7	11.7	6.00			-1.52	2.87	1.52		0.435	0.446	0.790	0.960	0.615
CanESM5	[-]	10.9	11.3	11.7	8.52			-1.17	3.91	1.60		0.295	0.413	0.777	0.790	0.538
CESM2	[-]	8.26	8.67	11.7	4.98	8.87		-3.24	3.56	1.46		0.231	0.552	0.796	0.910	0.608
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	8.25	9.03	11.7	4.33			-2.63	3.14	1.35		0.301	0.548	0.822	0.962	0.636
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	8.69	8.79	11.7	8.13			-3.41	4.25	1.59		0.241	0.475	0.773	0.967	0.586
MeanCMIP6	[-]	9.20	9.59	11.7	6.07			-2.50	2.95	1.22		0.317	0.588	0.839	0.978	0.662
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	8.53	9.00	11.7	5.61			-3.09	4.03	1.52		0.231	0.522	0.785	0.901	0.592
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	8.19	8.66	11.7	3.79			-3.45	3.71	1.38		0.230	0.578	0.810	0.935	0.626
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	10.7	11.0	11.7	8.19			-1.29	3.13	1.47		0.382	0.463	0.792	0.911	0.602

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	14.1
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	12.1	12.2	14.1				-2.60	3.25	1.62		0.272	0.523	0.771	0.862	0.590
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	13.8	13.8	14.1				-1.03	2.73	1.63		0.415	0.453	0.779	0.768	0.574
CanESM5	[-]	17.0	17.1	14.1				2.05	4.60	1.77		0.228	0.341	0.759	0.509	0.435
CESM2	[-]	10.9	10.9	14.2		9.14		-3.46	3.82	1.37		0.166	0.558	0.821	0.973	0.615
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	11.4	11.4	14.1				-2.77	3.45	1.44		0.233	0.547	0.809	0.923	0.612
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	10.8	10.9	14.1				-3.76	4.12	1.39		0.168	0.543	0.817	0.926	0.599
MeanCMIP6	[-]	13.0	13.0	14.1				-1.60	2.50	1.24		0.363	0.583	0.844	0.907	0.656
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	14.4	14.5	14.1				-0.200	3.12	1.50		0.313	0.490	0.795	0.689	0.555
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	10.6	10.6	14.1				-4.04	4.27	1.57		0.156	0.574	0.777	0.987	0.614
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	15.6	15.6	14.1				0.759	2.91	1.67		0.413	0.480	0.757	0.698	0.566

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	13.7
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	9.41	9.36	13.7				-4.47	4.79	1.51		0.156	0.475	0.786	0.983	0.575
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	12.0	12.0	13.7				-1.88	3.14	1.49		0.441	0.393	0.798	0.987	0.602
CanESM5	[-]	15.8	15.7	13.7				1.13	4.18	2.02		0.260	0.388	0.701	0.566	0.461
CESM2	[-]	9.55	9.49	13.7		10.4		-4.25	4.43	1.62		0.157	0.608	0.758	0.825	0.591
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	11.8	11.7	13.7				-2.01	2.88	1.77		0.349	0.557	0.734	0.972	0.634
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	11.2	11.1	13.7				-2.87	3.57	2.07		0.310	0.537	0.688	0.929	0.600
MeanCMIP6	[-]	11.9	11.9	13.7				-2.03	2.47	1.43		0.411	0.614	0.803	0.994	0.687
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	10.9	10.9	13.7				-2.98	3.77	1.68		0.292	0.427	0.755	0.977	0.575
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	10.8	10.8	13.7				-3.18	3.41	1.60		0.253	0.613	0.778	0.980	0.647
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	14.2	14.2	13.7				0.0761	2.94	1.64		0.421	0.460	0.766	0.807	0.583

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.99
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	4.76	5.00	7.99				-3.82	3.97	1.75		0.142	0.577	0.749	0.940	0.597
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	7.50	7.23	7.99				-2.44	3.43	1.76		0.282	0.473	0.756	0.723	0.541
CanESM5	[-]	5.55	6.37	7.99				-3.45	3.95	1.89		0.193	0.449	0.732	0.876	0.540
CESM2	[-]	6.31	6.72	8.31		6.01		-2.11	2.61	1.22		0.332	0.588	0.834	0.951	0.659
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	5.94	5.73	7.99				-2.27	2.75	1.72		0.304	0.532	0.762	0.974	0.621
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	5.08	5.06	7.99				-3.90	4.50	1.98		0.189	0.490	0.700	0.921	0.558
MeanCMIP6	[-]	5.98	5.84	7.99				-3.13	3.32	1.46		0.211	0.588	0.800	0.975	0.632
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	4.37	4.45	7.99				-4.21	4.27	1.50		0.113	0.630	0.793	0.886	0.610
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	6.04	6.08	7.99				-2.85	3.19	1.73		0.281	0.532	0.743	0.971	0.612
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	6.09	6.19	7.99				-3.30	3.52	2.27		0.203	0.537	0.640	0.969	0.577

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.94
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	6.67	6.70	9.94				-3.75	3.96	1.52		0.191	0.566	0.795	0.972	0.618
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	9.24	9.30	9.94				-1.50	2.89	1.98		0.444	0.454	0.717	0.867	0.587
CanESM5	[-]	7.99	8.22	9.94				-2.55	3.47	2.11		0.333	0.463	0.683	0.884	0.565
CESM2	[-]	7.97	7.98	10.0		6.95		-2.31	2.61	1.60		0.356	0.633	0.778	0.914	0.662
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	7.14	7.15	9.94				-2.79	3.11	1.86		0.291	0.598	0.738	0.985	0.642
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	7.39	7.52	9.94				-3.12	3.86	2.53		0.283	0.463	0.589	0.964	0.553
MeanCMIP6	[-]	7.75	7.76	9.94				-2.72	2.98	1.69		0.306	0.628	0.765	0.988	0.663
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	6.49	6.57	9.94				-3.78	4.09	1.56		0.211	0.559	0.793	0.978	0.620
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	7.42	7.40	9.94				-3.10	3.35	1.67		0.254	0.588	0.746	0.982	0.632
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	8.31	8.33	9.94				-2.32	3.09	2.11		0.375	0.487	0.683	0.949	0.596

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.60
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	6.45	6.48	9.61				-4.01	4.38	1.56		0.0736	0.425	0.779	0.911	0.523
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	9.31	9.33	9.61				-1.74	3.76	1.79		0.158	0.380	0.731	0.551	0.440
CanESM5	[-]	6.13	6.41	9.61				-4.42	4.79	2.20		0.112	0.375	0.659	0.793	0.463
CESM2	[-]	7.54	7.51	9.74		8.00		-2.63	3.02	1.37		0.187	0.363	0.814	0.950	0.535
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	6.55	6.48	9.61				-3.13	3.45	1.58		0.163	0.411	0.767	0.903	0.531
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	4.57	4.61	9.61				-5.74	5.83	1.88		0.0414	0.530	0.715	0.924	0.548
MeanCMIP6	[-]	6.42	6.36	9.60				-4.06	4.15	1.53		0.0791	0.532	0.776	0.946	0.573
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	4.41	4.58	9.61				-5.51	5.55	1.98		0.0325	0.484	0.704	0.909	0.523
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	6.19	6.23	9.61				-4.22	4.35	1.51		0.0789	0.510	0.779	0.959	0.567
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	5.96	6.04	9.61				-4.47	4.57	2.12		0.0566	0.487	0.671	0.957	0.532

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.0
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	9.26	9.26	11.0				-2.68	3.73	1.32		0.285	0.422	0.829	0.802	0.552
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	10.6	10.6	11.0				-1.51	2.76	1.44		0.443	0.494	0.808	0.709	0.589
CanESM5	[-]	8.95	9.00	11.0				-3.13	4.14	1.51		0.240	0.429	0.802	0.695	0.519
CESM2	[-]	8.32	8.35	11.1		7.88		-3.10	3.46	1.27		0.240	0.508	0.840	0.953	0.610
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	8.20	8.12	11.0				-2.84	3.26	1.04		0.284	0.519	0.874	0.939	0.627
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	6.80	6.96	11.0				-4.79	5.02	1.15		0.122	0.535	0.853	0.923	0.593
MeanCMIP6	[-]	8.55	8.55	11.0				-3.22	3.43	1.11		0.228	0.584	0.867	0.921	0.637
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	7.77	7.82	11.0				-3.88	4.28	1.30		0.208	0.533	0.825	0.800	0.580
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	8.24	8.25	11.0				-3.60	3.79	1.12		0.202	0.575	0.867	0.948	0.633
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	9.34	9.44	11.0				-2.56	3.57	1.29		0.264	0.507	0.836	0.701	0.563

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	9.74
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	4.85	4.87	9.75				-5.06	5.27	1.51		0.105	0.525	0.762	0.280	0.439
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	7.21	7.22	9.75				-2.71	3.78	1.01		0.403	0.337	0.873	0.413	0.472
CanESM5	[-]	8.48	8.40	9.75				-1.86	3.57	0.947		0.393	0.377	0.867	0.723	0.547
CESM2	[-]	5.66	5.68	9.79		7.09		-4.24	4.52	1.69		0.164	0.503	0.726	0.386	0.456
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	7.00	7.02	9.75				-2.73	3.31	1.05		0.380	0.487	0.876	0.433	0.533
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	8.59	8.65	9.75				-1.54	3.87	1.06		0.427	0.278	0.870	0.637	0.498
MeanCMIP6	[-]	7.13	7.15	9.74				-2.85	3.39	0.927		0.365	0.480	0.877	0.394	0.519
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	5.43	5.42	9.75				-4.51	4.79	1.43		0.166	0.543	0.774	0.267	0.458
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	6.41	6.42	9.75				-3.61	4.01	1.21		0.296	0.504	0.843	0.495	0.529
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	8.50	8.50	9.75				-1.62	3.41	0.880		0.505	0.302	0.879	0.573	0.512

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [K]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [K]	Model Period Mean (complement) [K]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [K]		Bias [K]	RMSE [K]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.9
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	8.66	8.63	11.8				-3.60	3.93	1.14		0.256	0.550	0.853	0.972	0.636
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	10.6	10.6	11.8				-1.89	3.12	1.45		0.452	0.458	0.793	0.961	0.624
CanESM5	[-]	10.9	11.2	11.8				-1.41	3.34	1.65		0.403	0.500	0.766	0.825	0.599
CESM2	[-]	8.78	8.79	11.9		8.10		-3.29	3.51	1.32		0.271	0.643	0.826	0.746	0.626
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	9.17	9.16	11.8				-2.69	3.13	1.29		0.331	0.615	0.832	0.990	0.677
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	9.19	9.28	11.8				-3.15	4.10	1.99		0.287	0.532	0.694	0.956	0.600
MeanCMIP6	[-]	9.72	9.75	11.9				-2.54	2.89	1.25		0.361	0.656	0.832	0.990	0.699
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	8.82	8.87	11.8				-3.34	3.83	1.31		0.288	0.545	0.830	0.984	0.639
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	9.38	9.38	11.8				-2.93	3.24	1.52		0.322	0.640	0.776	0.977	0.671
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	11.3	11.3	11.8				-1.18	2.84	1.50		0.454	0.503	0.791	0.911	0.632

Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:

4.02

  Institutions:

Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:

monthly observations of 2-meter maximum and minimum air temperature at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:

2019-05-06: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.02/

2019-05-06: converted to netCDF with https://gist.github.com/nocollier/d73585731756fa472731065389af45dc

  References:

Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

  Comments:

time_period: 1960-01 through 2017-12

original_temporal_resolution: monthly

original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

original_units: C

final_temporal_resolution: monthly

final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

final_units: K

  Convention:

CF-1.7