Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.7
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	29.5	29.3	30.7	31.9	27.1		-1.39	5.64	2.54		0.306	0.415	0.606	0.924	0.533
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	24.3	24.0	30.7	28.1	29.3		-6.63	7.82	0.984		0.167	0.473	0.872	0.984	0.594
CanESM5	[-]	31.3	30.5	30.7	45.1			-0.177	9.72	1.83		0.249	0.150	0.737	0.810	0.419
CESM2	[-]	44.4	44.1	30.7	47.0	26.1		13.6	15.7	1.24		0.119	0.161	0.819	0.483	0.349
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	30.0	30.3	30.7	25.6			-0.377	6.40	1.50		0.262	0.426	0.776	0.971	0.572
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	22.0	21.6	30.7	25.2	27.9		-9.06	10.7	0.596		0.0979	0.506	0.926	0.977	0.602
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	32.6	32.8	30.7	32.9			2.08	7.13	1.46		0.201	0.480	0.802	0.982	0.589
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	23.2	23.6	30.7	16.7	28.0		-7.08	9.74	1.96		0.134	0.429	0.690	0.669	0.470
NorESM2-LM	[-]	44.5	44.5	30.7	46.9			14.1	16.5	1.32		0.110	0.155	0.810	0.468	0.340
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	32.7	33.0	30.7	26.9	35.2		2.39	6.84	1.86		0.303	0.242	0.714	0.987	0.498

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	23.9
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	21.9	19.9	23.9	32.0	22.7		-4.01	6.11	1.77		0.309	0.546	0.743	0.983	0.625
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	18.7	16.0	23.9	32.6	21.5		-7.85	8.69	1.20		0.194	0.553	0.840	0.919	0.612
CanESM5	[-]	28.2	20.2	23.9	67.1			-3.63	8.25	1.49		0.267	0.353	0.792	0.884	0.530
CESM2	[-]	30.2	30.0	23.9	32.8	18.8		6.12	8.38	1.29		0.332	0.475	0.815	0.658	0.551
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	21.4	23.5	23.9	15.0			-0.435	5.11	1.37		0.385	0.547	0.806	0.986	0.654
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	19.0	18.8	23.9	21.8	21.4		-5.19	7.02	1.10		0.284	0.580	0.851	0.883	0.635
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	25.2	24.5	23.9	28.4	18.0		0.616	5.91	1.27		0.324	0.549	0.825	0.962	0.641
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	16.2	18.0	23.9	5.21	22.6		-5.90	6.97	1.33		0.263	0.582	0.815	0.979	0.644
NorESM2-LM	[-]	27.5	29.7	23.9	16.0			6.06	8.82	1.38		0.322	0.462	0.802	0.632	0.536
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	18.7	20.7	23.9	8.23	21.1		-3.13	7.44	1.46		0.275	0.466	0.795	0.841	0.569

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.5
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	9.87	9.88	11.5	10.3	10.4		-1.62	3.21	2.02		0.419	0.586	0.678	0.960	0.646
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	8.35	8.36	11.5	9.77	10.4		-3.10	4.08	1.56		0.330	0.603	0.768	0.863	0.633
CanESM5	[-]	6.66	6.67	11.5	6.80			-4.86	5.44	1.93		0.191	0.524	0.704	0.872	0.563
CESM2	[-]	14.8	14.7	11.5	16.6	9.96		3.20	4.11	1.47		0.332	0.596	0.777	0.933	0.647
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	13.4	13.4	11.5	13.0			1.89	3.63	1.60		0.371	0.624	0.760	0.948	0.665
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	12.0	11.8	11.5	13.0	9.18		0.251	3.18	1.56		0.438	0.592	0.763	0.974	0.672
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	11.4	11.2	11.5	12.4	9.05		-0.188	4.07	1.48		0.319	0.570	0.785	0.858	0.620
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	8.29	8.26	11.5	9.62	12.0		-3.23	3.71	1.01		0.319	0.673	0.862	0.915	0.688
NorESM2-LM	[-]	14.8	14.5	11.5	16.3			3.00	4.19	1.40		0.339	0.603	0.791	0.881	0.644
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	3.84	3.80	11.5	5.66	9.01		-7.67	8.15	1.38		0.0811	0.611	0.796	0.890	0.598

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	16.0
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	15.0	15.1	16.0	16.5	14.3		-0.948	4.61	1.81		0.412	0.542	0.741	0.976	0.643
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	11.4	11.3	16.0	12.7	12.5		-4.64	5.89	1.18		0.264	0.591	0.844	0.958	0.649
CanESM5	[-]	11.9	12.0	16.0	12.6			-3.84	7.60	1.37		0.274	0.367	0.811	0.762	0.516
CESM2	[-]	20.1	20.1	16.0	22.4	16.0		4.14	5.25	1.44		0.357	0.613	0.779	0.914	0.655
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	16.6	16.6	16.0	12.4			0.628	4.44	1.90		0.456	0.506	0.726	0.984	0.636
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	15.1	15.2	16.0	17.3	14.8		-0.819	4.28	1.22		0.439	0.596	0.828	0.916	0.675
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	19.9	19.7	16.0	20.0			3.81	6.81	1.43		0.345	0.468	0.796	0.838	0.583
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	10.9	11.0	16.0	13.7	15.8		-5.01	5.50	1.77		0.270	0.593	0.752	0.922	0.626
NorESM2-LM	[-]	20.2	20.1	16.0	21.4			4.20	5.97	1.58		0.334	0.530	0.764	0.906	0.613
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	10.0	10.1	16.0	12.7	15.6		-5.84	8.66	1.45		0.172	0.494	0.788	0.668	0.523

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	31.6
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	27.2	27.1	31.6	26.8			-4.71	6.24	1.56		0.228	0.457	0.788	0.697	0.525
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	23.2	23.4	31.6	24.5	22.9		-8.20	9.35	2.25		0.127	0.471	0.661	0.963	0.539
CanESM5	[-]	39.4	27.6	31.6	39.0			-4.32	9.73	1.68		0.202	0.247	0.766	0.472	0.387
CESM2	[-]	39.3	38.2	31.7	39.0	20.1		6.62	8.33	1.62		0.230	0.375	0.774	0.974	0.546
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	31.7	31.5	31.6	32.2			-0.156	6.76	1.95		0.269	0.401	0.710	0.879	0.532
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	26.2	26.8	31.7	24.2	22.7		-5.25	6.80	1.61		0.272	0.502	0.771	0.741	0.558
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	33.5	35.1	31.6	30.4			2.54	6.49	1.91		0.232	0.504	0.718	0.755	0.543
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	19.6	20.8	31.8	19.7	25.7		-10.9	12.3	2.42		0.0459	0.579	0.613	0.602	0.484
NorESM2-LM	[-]	37.9	37.5	31.6	39.4			5.76	8.85	1.54		0.239	0.292	0.792	0.924	0.508
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	29.0	29.8	31.7	29.2	21.7		-1.98	4.68	1.82		0.370	0.461	0.732	0.995	0.604

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	30.4
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	24.3	24.1	30.4	24.9	26.0		-6.38	7.32	1.43		0.205	0.510	0.830	0.970	0.605
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	20.4	20.3	30.4	21.6	26.6		-10.1	10.8	1.10		0.105	0.519	0.879	0.961	0.596
CanESM5	[-]	29.7	29.7	30.4	27.5			-1.04	7.60	1.39		0.308	0.321	0.832	0.644	0.485
CESM2	[-]	34.1	34.2	30.4	35.5	22.9		3.76	6.54	0.929		0.348	0.403	0.881	0.869	0.581
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	29.8	30.1	30.4	27.4			-0.306	4.91	1.14		0.381	0.578	0.860	0.826	0.644
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	22.8	22.5	30.4	22.1	28.2		-8.05	8.66	1.12		0.149	0.566	0.841	0.960	0.616
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	31.8	31.6	30.4	31.1	20.2		1.10	5.79	1.14		0.304	0.605	0.862	0.715	0.618
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	22.4	22.4	30.5	22.0	26.9		-8.13	8.85	1.36		0.186	0.585	0.821	0.751	0.586
NorESM2-LM	[-]	33.3	33.3	30.4	34.8			2.97	6.62	0.936		0.329	0.404	0.883	0.823	0.569
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	30.6	30.7	30.4	28.9	27.4		0.198	5.01	1.31		0.440	0.442	0.843	0.910	0.616

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	35.5
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	26.8	26.9	35.5	25.2	31.4		-8.75	9.20	1.30		0.0810	0.474	0.833	0.995	0.571
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	22.0	21.9	35.5	22.7	32.3		-13.5	14.2	1.81		0.0490	0.347	0.718	0.811	0.454
CanESM5	[-]	30.7	30.1	35.5	29.3			-5.34	8.90	1.53		0.222	0.260	0.789	0.632	0.433
CESM2	[-]	37.4	37.4	35.5	37.5	27.0		1.93	5.08	0.967		0.329	0.405	0.887	0.785	0.562
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	31.6	31.9	35.5	31.0			-3.54	7.06	1.03		0.204	0.297	0.870	0.822	0.498
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	28.9	29.4	35.5	27.1	29.3		-6.43	6.87	1.31		0.150	0.560	0.831	0.950	0.610
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	34.5	34.2	35.5	34.3			-1.32	6.01	1.67		0.274	0.328	0.744	0.688	0.472
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	30.2	30.4	35.7	25.7	30.0		-5.36	7.00	1.60		0.248	0.528	0.774	0.577	0.531
NorESM2-LM	[-]	35.0	34.9	35.5	36.1			-0.322	5.43	1.17		0.263	0.346	0.853	0.904	0.542
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	32.9	32.9	35.5	32.8	27.7		-2.53	4.61	1.34		0.326	0.469	0.824	0.989	0.616

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	27.5
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	19.4	19.4	27.5	19.7	23.9		-8.17	8.95	1.09		0.239	0.595	0.856	0.980	0.653
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	16.6	16.5	27.5	18.0	22.7		-11.0	11.7	1.01		0.167	0.573	0.870	0.965	0.630
CanESM5	[-]	20.3	20.2	27.5	23.0			-7.44	10.0	1.12		0.296	0.381	0.854	0.946	0.571
CESM2	[-]	28.9	28.9	27.5	30.1	21.6		1.39	5.42	0.872		0.475	0.583	0.895	0.981	0.704
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	24.1	24.4	27.5	22.8			-3.06	5.81	0.760		0.456	0.561	0.911	0.990	0.696
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	21.5	21.2	27.5	22.6	23.9		-6.44	7.57	1.08		0.320	0.599	0.863	0.988	0.674
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	26.2	26.1	27.5	26.0	25.2		-1.46	6.35	1.04		0.413	0.574	0.861	0.945	0.673
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	20.9	20.9	27.6	20.9	23.8		-6.70	7.84	0.908		0.319	0.614	0.889	0.976	0.682
NorESM2-LM	[-]	28.8	28.8	27.5	29.4			1.18	5.59	0.996		0.460	0.574	0.878	0.985	0.694
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	22.2	21.9	27.5	23.7	22.1		-5.62	7.82	1.13		0.368	0.547	0.854	0.799	0.623

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	31.3
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	33.4	32.8	31.3	35.3	27.2		1.44	4.53	2.93		0.342	0.493	0.546	0.558	0.486
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	24.2	21.6	31.3	33.6	25.5		-9.76	10.3	0.862		0.0784	0.525	0.898	0.857	0.577
CanESM5	[-]	40.6	31.1	31.3	77.4			0.108	9.41	1.17		0.244	0.170	0.841	0.558	0.397
CESM2	[-]	57.2	58.2	31.3	50.9	22.2		26.9	28.5	2.41		0.0200	0.128	0.620	0.426	0.265
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	28.2	32.7	31.3	15.4			1.36	6.04	1.94		0.262	0.472	0.706	0.957	0.574
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	21.9	20.9	31.3	30.3	27.2		-10.5	11.4	0.496		0.0673	0.523	0.954	0.970	0.608
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	34.4	34.8	31.3	31.9			3.44	6.39	1.08		0.219	0.512	0.849	0.991	0.616
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	20.3	24.2	31.4	5.14	27.8		-7.15	8.64	2.01		0.183	0.404	0.676	0.913	0.516
NorESM2-LM	[-]	53.9	60.1	31.3	29.2			29.2	30.6	2.93		0.00886	0.122	0.523	0.524	0.260
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	31.2	36.3	31.3	11.9	25.9		5.01	8.70	2.22		0.207	0.193	0.671	0.988	0.450

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [kg m-2]	Model Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]	Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [kg m-2]		Bias [kg m-2]	RMSE [kg m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Spatial Distribution Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	24.0
ACCESS-ESM1-5	[-]	19.1	19.3	24.0	18.5	21.2		-4.75	6.35	1.53		0.319	0.575	0.798	0.987	0.651
BCC-CSM2-MR	[-]	15.7	15.8	24.0	14.4	23.4		-8.21	8.99	1.26		0.180	0.572	0.844	0.978	0.629
CanESM5	[-]	23.0	23.0	24.0	19.4			-1.17	8.63	1.50		0.358	0.334	0.800	0.611	0.487
CESM2	[-]	27.6	27.6	24.0	25.8	18.2		3.50	5.29	1.29		0.432	0.567	0.814	0.949	0.666
GFDL-ESM4	[-]	23.0	23.2	24.0	20.7			-0.780	4.68	1.64		0.482	0.591	0.769	0.962	0.679
IPSL-CM6A-LR	[-]	19.1	19.1	24.0	17.7	20.8		-5.03	6.80	0.990		0.314	0.632	0.877	0.970	0.685
MIROC-ESM2L	[-]	25.1	25.3	24.0	24.0	24.2		1.27	6.65	1.25		0.354	0.595	0.835	0.724	0.621
MPI-ESM1.2-HR	[-]	18.2	18.1	24.0	19.2	21.6		-5.94	6.76	1.37		0.284	0.612	0.831	0.977	0.664
NorESM2-LM	[-]	27.1	27.1	24.0	25.3			2.98	5.61	1.38		0.426	0.531	0.804	0.918	0.642
UKESM1-0-LL	[-]	22.0	21.9	24.0	21.8	19.2		-2.04	7.23	1.50		0.370	0.433	0.790	0.740	0.553

Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

Observation-based global multilayer soil moisture products for 1970 to 2016

  Version:

1

  Institutions:

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

  Source:

Offline land surface models, reanalysis, and satellite soil moisture datasets combined using the Optimal Linear Combination technique of Hobeichi, 2018 (doi:10.5194/hess-22-1317-2018)

  History:

2021-09-14: downloaded https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-v8QmowHzZrvUHWUdmSJw5rtwfxYJnfA/view?usp=sharing

2021-09-14: selected top 10cm, converted unit from vol-% to kg m-2

  References:

Wang, Y. and Mao, J. and Jin, M. and Hoffman, F. M. and Shi, X. and Wullschleger, S. D. and Dai, Y. (2021), Development of observation-based global multilayer soil moisture products for 1970 to 2016, Earth System Science Data, 4385--4405, 10.5194/essd-13-4385-2021

  Comments:

time_period: 1970-01 through 2016-12

temporal_resolution: monthly

spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree

units: kg m-2

  Convention:

CF-1.8