Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	0.299
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-1.27		-1.58	2.03	0.00		0.861	0.901	1.00	0.916
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-0.627		-0.939	1.62	0.00		0.902	0.900	1.00	0.925
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-0.421		-0.720	1.66	0.00		0.914	0.900	1.00	0.929
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.278		-0.590	1.57	0.00		0.908	0.900	1.00	0.927
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-0.451		-0.763	1.75	0.0431		0.897	0.893	0.997	0.920
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-0.424		-0.716	1.73	0.0431		0.894	0.895	0.997	0.920
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	0.616		0.304	1.86	0.0431		0.877	0.903	0.997	0.920
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	0.0637		-0.248	1.65	0.0431		0.898	0.898	0.997	0.923
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	0.302		-0.00999	1.87	0.00		0.889	0.885	1.00	0.915
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-0.211		-0.523	1.47	0.00		0.912	0.912	1.00	0.934
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-0.251		-0.563	1.49	0.00		0.916	0.902	1.00	0.930
Mean-Princeton	[-]	0.0473		-0.252	1.48	0.0861		0.925	0.903	0.994	0.931

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	10.1
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	10.3		-0.0126	1.66	0.161		0.823	0.849	0.989	0.877
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	10.7		0.392	1.65	0.161		0.820	0.846	0.989	0.875
CLM-Princeton	[-]	10.9		0.601	1.67	0.241		0.810	0.849	0.983	0.873
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	10.4		0.0609	1.68	0.156		0.812	0.856	0.989	0.878
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	10.3		-0.0552	1.77	0.186		0.807	0.848	0.988	0.872
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	10.3		-0.0223	1.76	0.266		0.809	0.848	0.982	0.872
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	10.4		0.636	1.68	0.137		0.824	0.869	0.991	0.888
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	10.0		0.246	1.60	0.143		0.835	0.862	0.991	0.888
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	10.2		0.436	1.88	0.189		0.825	0.830	0.987	0.868
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	10.5		0.131	1.57	0.167		0.823	0.863	0.988	0.884
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	10.5		0.110	1.63	0.156		0.818	0.852	0.990	0.878
Mean-Princeton	[-]	10.7		0.373	1.65	0.263		0.816	0.857	0.982	0.878

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	21.6
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	21.0		-0.595	1.55	0.109		0.808	0.742	0.993	0.821
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	21.4		-0.251	1.59	0.109		0.781	0.747	0.993	0.817
CLM-Princeton	[-]	21.4		-0.0588	1.91	0.256		0.734	0.713	0.983	0.786
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	21.4		-0.260	1.61	0.00		0.817	0.767	1.00	0.838
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	21.2		-0.371	1.67	0.00		0.784	0.756	1.00	0.824
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	21.2		-0.197	2.04	0.508		0.765	0.713	0.966	0.789
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	22.4		0.343	1.39	0.123		0.830	0.753	0.992	0.832
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	22.1		0.0317	1.21	0.123		0.853	0.769	0.992	0.846
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	22.6		0.573	1.74	0.123		0.846	0.718	0.992	0.818
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	21.1		-0.479	1.40	0.113		0.833	0.773	0.993	0.843
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	21.1		-0.554	1.45	0.00		0.812	0.761	1.00	0.834
Mean-Princeton	[-]	21.3		-0.0682	1.77	0.379		0.777	0.739	0.975	0.808

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	18.0
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	17.0		-1.10	1.35	0.726		0.850	0.854	0.952	0.877
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	17.5		-0.600	1.10	0.726		0.916	0.858	0.952	0.896
CLM-Princeton	[-]	17.7		-0.249	1.04	0.726		0.919	0.872	0.952	0.904
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	16.9		-1.23	1.50	0.726		0.832	0.849	0.952	0.870
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	16.7		-1.39	1.44	0.726		0.810	0.862	0.952	0.871
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	16.6		-1.32	1.48	0.726		0.812	0.866	0.952	0.874
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	18.0		-0.105	1.16	0.726		0.897	0.868	0.952	0.896
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	17.7		-0.404	1.40	0.726		0.881	0.833	0.952	0.875
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	17.8		-0.322	1.68	0.726		0.895	0.796	0.952	0.860
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	17.3		-0.849	1.14	0.726		0.879	0.884	0.952	0.900
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	17.3		-0.778	1.13	0.726		0.879	0.877	0.952	0.896
Mean-Princeton	[-]	17.6		-0.398	1.13	0.726		0.884	0.883	0.952	0.900

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	7.86
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	7.82		-0.0583	1.37	0.131		0.878	0.896	0.991	0.915
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	8.20		0.323	1.38	0.131		0.881	0.890	0.991	0.913
CLM-Princeton	[-]	8.39		0.473	1.36	0.221		0.873	0.894	0.985	0.912
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	7.96		0.0798	1.53	0.131		0.861	0.898	0.991	0.912
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	7.82		-0.0526	1.63	0.204		0.854	0.894	0.986	0.907
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	7.84		-0.0741	1.64	0.295		0.848	0.891	0.980	0.902
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	8.45		0.623	1.54	0.165		0.861	0.907	0.989	0.916
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	8.10		0.271	1.48	0.135		0.867	0.905	0.991	0.917
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	8.16		0.336	1.68	0.240		0.867	0.872	0.984	0.899
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	7.98		0.185	1.30	0.133		0.882	0.909	0.991	0.923
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	7.91		0.116	1.38	0.133		0.874	0.904	0.991	0.918
Mean-Princeton	[-]	8.11		0.287	1.37	0.240		0.867	0.902	0.984	0.914

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	25.3
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	26.4		1.12	1.12	0.00		0.105	0.342	1.00	0.447
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	26.7		1.36	1.38	0.00		0.0640	0.336	1.00	0.434
CLM-Princeton	[-]	26.5		1.24	1.31	0.00		0.0818	0.350	1.00	0.446
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	26.2		0.862	0.928	0.00		0.175	0.341	1.00	0.464
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	26.4		1.09	1.19	0.00		0.110	0.299	1.00	0.427
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	26.4		1.10	1.20	0.00		0.109	0.300	1.00	0.427
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	26.5		1.25	1.15	0.00		0.0808	0.476	1.00	0.508
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	26.2		0.868	0.884	0.00		0.173	0.415	1.00	0.501
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	26.4		1.10	1.10	0.00		0.109	0.393	1.00	0.474
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	26.2		0.862	0.928	0.00		0.175	0.341	1.00	0.464
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	26.4		1.09	1.19	0.00		0.110	0.299	1.00	0.427
Mean-Princeton	[-]	26.3		1.05	1.20	0.00		0.119	0.301	1.00	0.430

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	24.6
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	25.4		0.745	1.27	0.406		0.650	0.693	0.967	0.751
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	25.8		1.08	1.43	0.457		0.569	0.692	0.964	0.729
CLM-Princeton	[-]	25.8		1.22	1.53	0.508		0.544	0.687	0.960	0.719
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	25.3		0.785	1.34	0.435		0.627	0.719	0.966	0.757
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	25.4		0.854	1.47	0.387		0.638	0.683	0.974	0.744
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	25.3		0.699	1.30	0.457		0.675	0.677	0.970	0.750
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	25.8		0.991	1.21	0.0702		0.618	0.738	0.995	0.773
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	25.3		0.565	1.24	0.361		0.678	0.679	0.976	0.753
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	26.0		1.26	1.62	0.361		0.546	0.670	0.976	0.716
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	25.4		0.874	1.27	0.435		0.623	0.724	0.966	0.759
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	25.5		0.954	1.43	0.387		0.622	0.685	0.974	0.742
Mean-Princeton	[-]	25.5		1.13	1.48	0.457		0.589	0.693	0.970	0.736

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	-8.71
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	-10.1		-1.39	2.05	0.00		0.859	0.863	1.00	0.897
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	-9.57		-0.817	1.97	0.00		0.896	0.857	1.00	0.902
CLM-Princeton	[-]	-8.85		-0.136	1.76	0.00		0.940	0.865	1.00	0.918
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	-9.99		-1.24	2.30	0.00		0.872	0.846	1.00	0.891
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	-9.74		-0.989	2.42	0.00		0.879	0.832	1.00	0.886
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	-10.1		-1.41	2.20	0.00		0.857	0.851	1.00	0.890
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	-8.45		0.214	2.21	0.00		0.912	0.843	1.00	0.900
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	-8.60		0.0682	2.34	0.00		0.957	0.821	1.00	0.900
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	-8.98		-0.314	2.68	0.00		0.923	0.809	1.00	0.885
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	-10.0		-1.25	2.16	0.00		0.859	0.861	1.00	0.896
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	-9.72		-0.971	2.22	0.00		0.891	0.845	1.00	0.895
Mean-Princeton	[-]	-9.38		-0.673	2.05	0.00		0.894	0.865	1.00	0.906

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [degC]		Bias [degC]	RMSE [degC]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.3
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	12.3		0.712	1.98	0.147		0.817	0.853	0.990	0.878
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	12.6		1.06	2.08	0.130		0.809	0.852	0.991	0.876
CLM-Princeton	[-]	12.8		1.34	2.13	0.249		0.789	0.861	0.983	0.874
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	11.9		0.346	2.00	0.130		0.790	0.869	0.991	0.880
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	11.8		0.198	2.03	0.147		0.793	0.862	0.990	0.877
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	11.8		0.374	2.03	0.210		0.796	0.871	0.986	0.881
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	11.9		0.850	1.99	0.102		0.814	0.872	0.993	0.888
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	11.5		0.470	1.89	0.0817		0.810	0.877	0.995	0.890
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	11.7		0.652	2.22	0.123		0.814	0.831	0.992	0.867
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	12.0		0.395	2.02	0.148		0.797	0.865	0.990	0.879
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	12.0		0.375	2.06	0.147		0.794	0.860	0.990	0.876
Mean-Princeton	[-]	12.1		0.720	2.10	0.266		0.798	0.873	0.982	0.881

Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: TA_F