Mean State

Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 70.2
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 71.7 71.7 70.1 81.1 1.63 10.6 1.37 0.803 0.515 0.803 0.967 0.721
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 82.7 82.6 70.1 81.1 12.6 17.5 1.61 0.602 0.505 0.811 0.377 0.560
CLM-Princeton [-] 85.5 85.6 70.0 81.1 15.6 21.1 2.04 0.483 0.417 0.699 0.361 0.476
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 66.6 66.5 70.2 81.7 -3.61 10.4 1.55 0.734 0.530 0.761 0.998 0.711
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 82.9 82.7 70.2 12.4 17.5 1.66 0.588 0.511 0.808 0.427 0.569
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 84.8 84.7 70.1 81.8 14.6 20.9 2.23 0.501 0.398 0.659 0.429 0.477
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 74.6 75.9 69.6 80.8 -1.15 10.6 1.38 0.742 0.540 0.836 0.996 0.731
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 81.9 81.4 69.6 80.8 11.8 17.9 1.65 0.625 0.478 0.816 0.501 0.580
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 85.9 85.8 69.6 80.8 11.7 19.0 1.57 0.632 0.423 0.801 0.438 0.543
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 69.3 68.5 69.6 80.8 -1.15 10.6 1.38 0.742 0.540 0.836 0.996 0.731
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 81.9 81.4 69.6 80.8 11.8 17.9 1.65 0.625 0.478 0.816 0.501 0.580
Mean-Princeton [-] 81.6 81.4 69.6 80.8 11.7 19.0 1.57 0.632 0.423 0.801 0.438 0.543
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 59.4
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 63.9 65.2 57.8 88.3 7.41 13.2 1.13 0.421 0.537 0.807 0.951 0.651
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 66.7 68.3 57.8 88.3 10.5 17.3 1.46 0.367 0.355 0.772 0.980 0.566
CLM-Princeton [-] 69.2 70.3 57.8 88.3 12.5 18.4 1.56 0.316 0.380 0.740 0.980 0.559
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 61.7 61.6 58.8 91.1 2.84 11.2 1.14 0.436 0.623 0.795 0.974 0.690
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 68.0 68.0 59.4 8.59 17.2 1.54 0.344 0.367 0.747 0.979 0.561
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 69.8 69.8 58.8 91.2 11.1 18.5 1.70 0.307 0.362 0.708 0.980 0.544
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 62.6 62.6 56.0 78.5 4.22 11.5 1.30 0.511 0.493 0.811 0.989 0.659
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 65.2 66.4 56.0 78.5 10.3 17.6 1.52 0.395 0.362 0.785 0.988 0.579
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 66.5 66.5 56.0 78.5 10.2 17.0 1.47 0.394 0.396 0.788 0.987 0.592
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 60.3 60.3 56.0 78.5 4.22 11.5 1.30 0.511 0.493 0.811 0.989 0.659
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 66.5 66.4 56.0 78.5 10.3 17.6 1.52 0.395 0.362 0.785 0.988 0.579
Mean-Princeton [-] 66.3 66.3 56.0 78.5 10.2 17.0 1.47 0.394 0.396 0.788 0.987 0.592
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 36.0
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 47.4 47.2 35.6 55.5 11.6 12.3 0.520 0.247 0.612 0.921 0.990 0.676
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 42.8 42.8 35.6 55.5 7.20 12.8 0.707 0.391 0.352 0.885 0.985 0.593
CLM-Princeton [-] 41.8 41.6 35.6 55.6 5.98 10.8 0.905 0.439 0.398 0.839 0.937 0.602
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 43.5 43.4 35.9 54.8 7.54 8.24 0.556 0.377 0.722 0.906 0.969 0.739
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 40.8 41.0 36.0 5.16 11.9 0.770 0.403 0.370 0.867 0.979 0.598
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 40.3 40.2 35.9 54.8 4.34 10.5 1.00 0.461 0.399 0.816 0.895 0.594
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 39.4 39.3 34.7 52.3 5.40 7.74 0.985 0.496 0.549 0.872 0.996 0.692
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 38.8 39.0 34.7 52.3 4.37 11.1 0.983 0.448 0.397 0.883 0.982 0.622
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 37.1 36.9 34.7 52.3 2.36 9.29 1.24 0.518 0.440 0.834 0.939 0.634
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 40.1 40.1 34.7 52.3 5.40 7.74 0.985 0.496 0.549 0.872 0.996 0.692
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 38.8 39.0 34.7 52.3 4.37 11.1 0.983 0.448 0.397 0.883 0.982 0.622
Mean-Princeton [-] 36.8 37.0 34.7 52.3 2.36 9.29 1.24 0.518 0.440 0.834 0.939 0.634
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 45.3
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 51.4 51.9 45.3 61.0 6.69 11.4 0.685 0.624 0.615 0.928 0.986 0.754
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 51.5 51.7 45.3 61.0 6.55 16.5 0.812 0.583 0.518 0.924 0.891 0.687
CLM-Princeton [-] 56.6 57.0 45.3 61.2 11.6 16.8 0.972 0.554 0.531 0.909 0.871 0.679
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 45.5 45.2 45.3 63.0 -0.142 8.69 0.654 0.698 0.690 0.922 0.984 0.797
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 49.1 48.8 45.3 3.49 16.8 0.795 0.560 0.518 0.921 0.939 0.691
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 54.2 53.8 45.4 63.2 8.46 15.7 1.04 0.595 0.523 0.897 0.934 0.694
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 50.0 51.0 45.0 55.9 -1.89 11.5 0.808 0.708 0.554 0.931 0.963 0.742
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 46.6 47.3 45.0 55.9 2.26 17.8 1.17 0.561 0.462 0.895 0.901 0.656
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 57.1 60.9 45.0 55.9 6.55 16.2 1.20 0.640 0.478 0.887 0.872 0.671
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 42.8 43.0 45.0 55.9 -1.89 11.5 0.808 0.708 0.554 0.931 0.963 0.742
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 46.6 47.3 45.0 55.9 2.26 17.8 1.17 0.561 0.462 0.895 0.901 0.656
Mean-Princeton [-] 51.3 51.5 45.0 55.9 6.55 16.2 1.20 0.640 0.478 0.887 0.872 0.671
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 72.6
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 75.9 75.5 72.4 73.5 2.86 8.50 1.78 0.475 0.448 0.732 0.964 0.613
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 86.0 84.9 72.4 73.5 12.6 15.1 1.91 0.262 0.327 0.711 0.774 0.480
CLM-Princeton [-] 89.0 88.5 72.4 73.5 16.2 17.8 1.84 0.182 0.388 0.737 0.629 0.465
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 72.4 72.4 72.5 76.8 0.184 7.46 1.55 0.483 0.542 0.759 0.966 0.658
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 84.0 84.0 72.6 11.6 14.1 2.36 0.289 0.347 0.626 0.837 0.489
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 88.7 88.9 72.5 76.8 16.5 18.3 2.42 0.170 0.353 0.617 0.663 0.431
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 72.7 75.7 72.3 73.1 3.14 7.83 1.61 0.505 0.461 0.779 0.996 0.641
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 86.4 87.5 72.3 73.1 15.0 17.3 1.98 0.230 0.373 0.719 0.831 0.505
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 89.5 88.7 72.3 73.1 14.5 16.4 1.58 0.221 0.432 0.785 0.458 0.465
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 73.3 75.5 72.3 73.1 3.14 7.83 1.61 0.505 0.461 0.779 0.996 0.641
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 86.4 87.5 72.3 73.1 15.0 17.3 1.98 0.230 0.373 0.719 0.831 0.505
Mean-Princeton [-] 86.5 86.9 72.3 73.1 14.5 16.4 1.58 0.221 0.432 0.785 0.458 0.465
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 67.3
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 72.4 72.5 67.1 73.7 5.42 10.3 1.82 0.560 0.491 0.722 0.998 0.653
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 79.0 79.0 67.1 73.7 11.9 15.5 1.49 0.419 0.436 0.811 0.722 0.565
CLM-Princeton [-] 82.9 82.8 67.1 73.8 15.7 18.6 1.79 0.314 0.433 0.742 0.515 0.487
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 69.2 68.9 67.3 75.8 1.75 8.59 1.75 0.663 0.539 0.727 0.987 0.691
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 78.8 78.6 67.3 11.2 14.8 1.41 0.436 0.461 0.811 0.736 0.581
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 82.5 82.5 67.3 75.9 15.2 18.4 1.98 0.326 0.416 0.705 0.548 0.482
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 70.1 69.4 66.6 71.9 2.44 9.39 1.61 0.653 0.501 0.770 0.996 0.684
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 79.6 79.5 66.6 71.9 12.9 17.1 1.41 0.412 0.432 0.829 0.791 0.579
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 83.8 83.3 66.6 71.9 14.1 17.6 1.54 0.360 0.433 0.786 0.619 0.526
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 69.3 69.1 66.6 71.9 2.44 9.39 1.61 0.653 0.501 0.770 0.996 0.684
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 79.6 79.5 66.6 71.9 12.9 17.1 1.41 0.412 0.432 0.829 0.791 0.579
Mean-Princeton [-] 80.9 80.7 66.6 71.9 14.1 17.6 1.54 0.360 0.433 0.786 0.619 0.526
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 64.2
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 84.1 84.1 64.2 64.8 19.9 20.0 1.20 0.0104 0.467 0.826 0.952 0.544
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 85.5 85.5 64.2 64.8 21.3 22.3 2.27 0.00968 0.101 0.650 0.998 0.372
CLM-Princeton [-] 90.0 90.0 64.2 64.8 25.9 26.1 1.82 0.00411 0.319 0.740 0.999 0.476
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 80.2 80.1 64.3 63.5 15.8 16.0 0.877 0.0359 0.687 0.871 0.837 0.624
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 84.7 84.6 64.2 20.4 21.4 2.37 0.0148 0.152 0.632 0.949 0.380
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 89.9 89.7 64.3 63.5 25.5 25.8 1.99 0.00497 0.277 0.704 0.974 0.447
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 84.0 84.0 64.2 64.3 18.6 18.8 1.43 0.0158 0.433 0.804 0.990 0.535
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 87.9 87.8 64.2 64.3 23.5 24.4 1.92 0.00961 0.207 0.722 0.975 0.424
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 88.2 88.1 64.2 64.3 23.0 23.3 1.56 0.00550 0.389 0.777 0.907 0.494
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 82.5 82.8 64.2 64.3 18.6 18.8 1.43 0.0158 0.433 0.804 0.990 0.535
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 87.9 87.8 64.2 64.3 23.5 24.4 1.92 0.00961 0.207 0.722 0.975 0.424
Mean-Princeton [-] 87.2 87.3 64.2 64.3 23.0 23.3 1.56 0.00550 0.389 0.777 0.907 0.494
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 56.8
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 72.1 71.9 56.6 61.0 15.3 15.8 0.850 0.122 0.564 0.874 0.871 0.599
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 70.8 70.8 56.6 61.0 14.2 18.5 1.44 0.158 0.182 0.792 0.837 0.430
CLM-Princeton [-] 76.1 76.1 56.6 61.0 19.5 21.7 1.37 0.0919 0.265 0.796 0.821 0.448
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 69.2 69.1 56.7 60.6 12.3 12.7 0.747 0.165 0.691 0.884 0.898 0.666
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 70.9 71.0 56.8 14.2 18.7 1.60 0.151 0.198 0.757 0.839 0.429
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 76.5 76.5 56.7 60.6 19.8 22.2 1.45 0.0827 0.238 0.778 0.849 0.437
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 69.0 68.8 56.1 60.4 12.0 13.6 1.22 0.203 0.438 0.838 0.867 0.557
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 71.6 71.4 56.1 60.4 15.3 19.5 1.68 0.148 0.204 0.764 0.834 0.431
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 75.0 74.8 56.1 60.4 17.4 19.7 1.42 0.117 0.303 0.806 0.861 0.478
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 68.5 68.2 56.1 60.4 12.0 13.6 1.22 0.203 0.438 0.838 0.867 0.557
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 71.6 71.4 56.1 60.4 15.3 19.5 1.68 0.148 0.204 0.764 0.834 0.431
Mean-Princeton [-] 73.8 73.5 56.1 60.4 17.4 19.7 1.42 0.117 0.303 0.806 0.861 0.478
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 75.1
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 60.4 74.4 75.1 79.0 -0.532 14.2 1.87 0.750 0.438 0.688 0.977 0.658
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 84.8 89.0 75.1 79.0 14.0 22.7 2.68 0.564 0.386 0.572 0.352 0.452
CLM-Princeton [-] 79.8 84.7 74.9 79.1 9.82 22.1 2.64 0.560 0.352 0.555 0.536 0.471
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 70.1 70.1 75.1 80.2 -4.91 13.0 1.85 0.673 0.505 0.690 0.983 0.671
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 89.1 89.0 75.1 13.9 23.3 2.65 0.563 0.374 0.585 0.319 0.443
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 82.8 82.8 75.0 80.1 7.87 23.2 2.80 0.537 0.326 0.521 0.796 0.501
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 78.2 78.1 74.2 83.1 0.334 16.0 2.14 0.701 0.434 0.662 0.980 0.642
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 84.2 87.1 74.2 83.1 12.8 23.0 2.53 0.581 0.376 0.611 0.482 0.485
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 82.1 82.0 74.2 83.1 6.22 21.4 2.26 0.597 0.359 0.634 0.534 0.497
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 74.2 74.6 74.2 83.1 0.334 16.0 2.14 0.701 0.434 0.662 0.980 0.642
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 87.1 87.1 74.2 83.1 12.8 23.0 2.53 0.581 0.376 0.611 0.482 0.485
Mean-Princeton [-] 80.4 80.4 74.2 83.1 6.22 21.4 2.26 0.597 0.359 0.634 0.534 0.497
Download Data
Period Mean (original grids) [%]
Model Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (intersection) [%]
Model Period Mean (complement) [%]
Benchmark Period Mean (complement) [%]
Bias [%]
RMSE [%]
Phase Shift [months]
Bias Score [1]
RMSE Score [1]
Seasonal Cycle Score [1]
Spatial Distribution Score [1]
Overall Score [1]
Benchmark [-] 55.4
CLM-CRUJRA [-] 60.5 60.3 55.2 64.5 5.17 10.0 0.880 0.616 0.572 0.886 0.997 0.729
CLM-GSWP3 [-] 67.6 67.5 55.2 64.5 12.3 18.3 1.22 0.484 0.451 0.857 0.801 0.609
CLM-Princeton [-] 71.0 70.8 55.2 64.6 15.6 19.0 1.24 0.392 0.491 0.856 0.847 0.615
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA [-] 56.0 56.4 55.3 68.2 1.12 8.22 0.763 0.669 0.636 0.896 0.977 0.763
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3 [-] 67.2 67.1 55.4 11.7 17.9 1.14 0.486 0.460 0.861 0.849 0.623
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton [-] 70.6 70.6 55.4 68.2 15.2 18.8 1.32 0.394 0.479 0.842 0.877 0.614
JSBACH-CRUJRA [-] 55.5 54.6 54.7 62.8 0.642 9.76 0.956 0.705 0.542 0.887 0.996 0.734
JSBACH-GSWP3 [-] 66.8 66.4 54.7 62.8 11.7 19.2 1.27 0.485 0.423 0.855 0.854 0.608
JSBACH-Princeton [-] 67.9 67.7 54.7 62.8 13.0 17.9 1.08 0.461 0.471 0.884 0.859 0.629
Mean-CRUJRA [-] 55.4 55.3 54.7 62.8 0.642 9.76 0.956 0.705 0.542 0.887 0.996 0.734
Mean-GSWP3 [-] 66.8 66.4 54.7 62.8 11.7 19.2 1.27 0.485 0.423 0.855 0.854 0.608
Mean-Princeton [-] 67.9 67.7 54.7 62.8 13.0 17.9 1.08 0.461 0.471 0.884 0.859 0.629

Temporally integrated period mean

BENCHMARK MEAN
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MODEL MEAN
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BIAS
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BIAS SCORE
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RMSE
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RMSE SCORE
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BENCHMARK MAX MONTH
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MODEL MAX MONTH
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DIFFERENCE IN MAX MONTH
Data not available
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SEASONAL CYCLE SCORE
Data not available
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SPATIAL TAYLOR DIAGRAM
Data not available
MODEL COLORS
Data not available

Spatially integrated regional mean

MODEL COLORS
Data not available
REGIONAL MEAN
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available
MONTHLY ANOMALY
Data not available
ANNUAL CYCLE
Data not available

All Models

Benchmark
Data not available
Data not available
CLM-CRUJRA
Data not available
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CLM-GSWP3
Data not available
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CLM-Princeton
Data not available
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ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA
Data not available
Data not available
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3
Data not available
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ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton
Data not available
Data not available
JSBACH-CRUJRA
Data not available
Data not available
JSBACH-GSWP3
Data not available
Data not available
JSBACH-Princeton
Data not available
Data not available
Mean-CRUJRA
Data not available
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Mean-GSWP3
Data not available
Data not available
Mean-Princeton
Data not available
Data not available

Data Information

  Title:
CRU time series (TS) high-resolution gridded datasets

  Version:
4.03

  Institutions:
Climatic Research Unit, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, UK

  Source:
monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world land areas

  History:
2019-09-10: downloaded source from https://crudata.uea.ac.uk/cru/data/hrg/cru_ts_4.03/
2019-11-15: estimate saturated vapor pressure using temperature
2019-11-15: calculate relative humidity using saturated vapor pressure and vapor pressure
2019-11-15: converted to ILAMB required netCDF with https://github.com/mmu2019/Datasets/blob/master/read-rhums-cru.py

  References:
Harris, I., P.D. Jones, T.J. Osborn and D.H. Lister (2014), Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations - the CRU TS3.10 Dataset, International Journal of Climatology, 34(3), 623-642, doi:10.1002/joc.3711

WMO CIMO Guide (2008), ANNEX 4.B. FORMULAE FOR THE COMPUTATION OF MEASURES OF HUMIDITY, MEASUREMENT OF HUMIDITY, Chapter 4, 163, https://library.wmo.int/doc_num.php?explnum_id=3151

  Comments:
time_period: 1980-01 through 2018-12
original_temporal_resolution: monthly
original_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
original_units: hPa
final_temporal_resolution: monthly
final_spatial_resolution: 0.5 degree
final_units: %

  Convention:
CF-1.7