Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	26.4
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	28.5		2.04	18.4	0.255		0.750	0.517	0.972	0.689
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	30.2		3.67	21.1	0.212		0.737	0.472	0.976	0.664
CLM-Princeton	[-]	24.2		-2.25	16.2	0.255		0.796	0.542	0.971	0.713
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	28.7		2.23	19.2	0.256		0.786	0.477	0.969	0.677
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	28.8		2.34	21.6	0.171		0.772	0.449	0.974	0.661
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	23.6		-2.83	16.9	0.256		0.806	0.522	0.967	0.704
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	36.1		9.64	25.5	0.212		0.647	0.433	0.982	0.624
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	33.6		7.13	26.5	0.298		0.669	0.398	0.975	0.610
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	33.5		6.96	23.5	0.213		0.656	0.461	0.983	0.640
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	31.0		4.53	19.2	0.170		0.743	0.499	0.984	0.681
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	30.9		4.36	21.7	0.255		0.729	0.458	0.980	0.656
Mean-Princeton	[-]	27.1		0.696	17.0	0.170		0.775	0.533	0.984	0.706

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	40.4
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	40.5		0.540	24.6	0.760		0.659	0.447	0.876	0.607
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	39.5		-0.406	25.1	0.731		0.661	0.438	0.897	0.609
CLM-Princeton	[-]	37.0		-3.20	24.0	0.747		0.637	0.450	0.877	0.603
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	45.3		5.19	27.4	0.776		0.607	0.415	0.892	0.582
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	44.5		4.36	28.4	0.811		0.612	0.392	0.876	0.568
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	40.5		-0.0572	25.8	0.836		0.620	0.420	0.867	0.582
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	54.7		14.9	36.0	0.874		0.502	0.370	0.895	0.535
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	54.5		14.7	37.2	0.766		0.506	0.345	0.895	0.523
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	53.4		13.6	34.6	0.790		0.516	0.383	0.897	0.545
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	46.1		6.02	26.1	0.760		0.621	0.441	0.908	0.603
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	45.2		5.14	27.1	0.665		0.625	0.417	0.913	0.593
Mean-Princeton	[-]	42.9		2.53	24.4	0.767		0.648	0.448	0.880	0.606

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	41.5
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	25.1		-11.7	31.5	1.24		0.516	0.363	0.883	0.531
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	24.5		-12.3	31.4	1.47		0.535	0.358	0.861	0.528
CLM-Princeton	[-]	23.9		-16.6	38.4	1.40		0.395	0.330	0.875	0.482
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	28.0		-8.76	31.9	1.24		0.584	0.349	0.881	0.541
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	27.7		-9.09	30.2	1.46		0.589	0.363	0.800	0.529
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	27.1		-13.4	38.0	1.40		0.444	0.309	0.875	0.484
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	27.0		-12.7	34.9	1.39		0.513	0.339	0.869	0.515
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	26.5		-13.2	33.6	1.91		0.552	0.339	0.810	0.510
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	25.7		-14.0	37.3	1.91		0.521	0.314	0.810	0.490
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	25.9		-10.9	30.0	1.46		0.550	0.377	0.864	0.542
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	25.5		-11.2	29.1	1.57		0.573	0.378	0.853	0.545
Mean-Princeton	[-]	24.7		-16.2	35.5	1.52		0.415	0.344	0.864	0.492

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	23.2
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	29.9		7.18	17.5	0.586		0.660	0.419	0.906	0.601
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	29.7		7.03	20.8	0.876		0.641	0.337	0.906	0.555
CLM-Princeton	[-]	29.0		5.82	18.0	0.440		0.661	0.385	0.949	0.595
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	28.4		5.68	16.0	0.876		0.677	0.440	0.856	0.603
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	27.6		4.91	18.8	1.02		0.617	0.364	0.825	0.543
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	26.1		2.94	17.0	0.876		0.668	0.409	0.857	0.586
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	26.5		3.75	18.6	0.731		0.743	0.358	0.864	0.581
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	25.3		2.62	18.7	0.876		0.738	0.347	0.833	0.566
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	25.5		2.80	20.8	0.876		0.760	0.316	0.833	0.556
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	29.0		6.25	15.0	0.586		0.703	0.462	0.906	0.633
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	29.4		6.69	17.0	0.586		0.679	0.394	0.906	0.593
Mean-Princeton	[-]	27.7		4.57	15.7	0.586		0.707	0.418	0.907	0.612

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	38.3
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	41.7		4.05	22.1	0.416		0.724	0.520	0.969	0.683
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	38.0		0.315	23.0	0.373		0.723	0.511	0.973	0.680
CLM-Princeton	[-]	37.9		-0.508	22.4	0.407		0.715	0.520	0.952	0.677
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	47.5		9.81	26.1	0.474		0.667	0.479	0.961	0.646
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	45.3		7.66	27.3	0.359		0.666	0.462	0.972	0.641
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	42.2		3.68	24.2	0.407		0.695	0.501	0.947	0.661
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	64.5		26.7	37.8	0.841		0.452	0.426	0.935	0.560
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	63.5		25.7	39.8	0.443		0.475	0.395	0.966	0.558
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	63.9		26.1	36.1	0.561		0.461	0.454	0.954	0.581
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	50.8		13.2	25.6	0.553		0.660	0.510	0.959	0.660
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	48.6		11.1	27.1	0.321		0.666	0.480	0.976	0.650
Mean-Princeton	[-]	47.3		8.97	23.8	0.487		0.701	0.521	0.939	0.670

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	82.2
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	103.		20.9	36.6	5.03		0.494	0.300	0.0717	0.291
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	94.2		12.0	30.0	4.02		0.694	0.333	0.259	0.405
CLM-Princeton	[-]	87.8		5.62	27.3	4.02		0.605	0.343	0.259	0.388
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	120.		37.9	44.0	5.03		0.234	0.362	0.0717	0.257
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	101.		19.2	34.0	5.03		0.534	0.319	0.0717	0.311
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	90.1		7.98	29.4	5.10		0.632	0.320	0.0631	0.334
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	169.		87.2	100.	2.03		0.0269	0.266	0.749	0.327
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	160.		78.3	95.0	5.03		0.0397	0.169	0.0717	0.112
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	160.		78.2	84.3	2.03		0.0400	0.305	0.749	0.350
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	120.		37.9	44.0	5.03		0.234	0.362	0.0717	0.257
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	101.		19.2	34.0	5.03		0.534	0.319	0.0717	0.311
Mean-Princeton	[-]	90.1		7.98	29.4	5.10		0.632	0.320	0.0631	0.334

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	69.2
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	73.5		5.35	28.7	2.07		0.593	0.378	0.674	0.505
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	75.7		7.62	29.2	1.51		0.574	0.361	0.788	0.521
CLM-Princeton	[-]	65.7		-3.57	27.4	1.61		0.517	0.401	0.777	0.524
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	82.0		13.4	36.7	1.25		0.435	0.311	0.845	0.476
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	81.8		13.1	38.8	1.78		0.438	0.253	0.773	0.430
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	69.8		-1.23	33.3	1.56		0.442	0.306	0.803	0.464
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	94.6		27.0	52.9	1.00		0.346	0.224	0.915	0.427
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	93.9		26.3	54.0	1.22		0.361	0.163	0.863	0.387
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	89.8		22.2	47.0	0.932		0.383	0.246	0.902	0.444
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	80.6		12.0	32.6	0.908		0.509	0.352	0.924	0.534
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	79.6		10.9	34.1	1.01		0.460	0.304	0.903	0.493
Mean-Princeton	[-]	73.9		4.76	28.5	0.957		0.571	0.376	0.882	0.551

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	11.9
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	12.1		0.179	14.5	0.254		0.699	0.421	0.987	0.632
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	9.40		-2.56	14.7	0.383		0.797	0.372	0.977	0.630
CLM-Princeton	[-]	9.68		-2.24	10.5	0.254		0.780	0.487	0.981	0.684
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	9.54		-2.42	12.8	0.254		0.691	0.445	0.987	0.642
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	7.28		-4.68	14.3	0.508		0.755	0.396	0.974	0.630
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	8.06		-3.87	11.2	0.385		0.714	0.472	0.977	0.659
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	20.3		7.41	20.9	0.681		0.704	0.411	0.949	0.619
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	11.9		-0.976	15.8	0.678		0.834	0.370	0.972	0.637
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	11.5		-1.36	13.8	0.678		0.767	0.452	0.972	0.661
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	11.8		-0.117	13.1	0.381		0.691	0.470	0.985	0.654
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	7.68		-4.28	13.8	0.896		0.765	0.413	0.954	0.636
Mean-Princeton	[-]	8.69		-3.23	10.2	0.127		0.756	0.501	0.991	0.687

	Download Data	Period Mean (original grids) [W m-2]		Bias [W m-2]	RMSE [W m-2]	Phase Shift [months]		Bias Score [1]	RMSE Score [1]	Seasonal Cycle Score [1]	Overall Score [1]
Benchmark	[-]	42.3
CLM-CRUJRA	[-]	37.8		-4.92	28.9	0.792		0.630	0.414	0.905	0.591
CLM-GSWP3	[-]	38.1		-4.54	28.3	0.889		0.636	0.421	0.898	0.594
CLM-Princeton	[-]	36.0		-6.24	28.2	0.947		0.607	0.404	0.859	0.568
ISBA-CTRIP-CRUJRA	[-]	42.9		0.244	30.3	1.00		0.616	0.401	0.882	0.575
ISBA-CTRIP-GSWP3	[-]	43.6		0.950	30.8	1.02		0.615	0.393	0.871	0.568
ISBA-CTRIP-Princeton	[-]	40.9		-1.24	29.8	1.15		0.606	0.391	0.839	0.557
JSBACH-CRUJRA	[-]	46.3		1.96	35.5	1.12		0.595	0.361	0.831	0.537
JSBACH-GSWP3	[-]	49.5		5.16	36.8	0.978		0.558	0.363	0.878	0.540
JSBACH-Princeton	[-]	46.2		1.84	35.9	1.14		0.606	0.351	0.830	0.535
Mean-CRUJRA	[-]	41.5		-1.14	28.8	1.00		0.639	0.418	0.885	0.590
Mean-GSWP3	[-]	42.4		-0.277	28.8	0.823		0.652	0.419	0.900	0.598
Mean-Princeton	[-]	40.1		-2.15	27.8	1.12		0.628	0.412	0.840	0.573

Boreal forest Global - Land Subtropical desert Temperate grassland/desert Temperate rain forest Temperate seasonal forest Tropical rain forest Tropical seasonal forest/savanna Tundra Woodland/shrubland Temporally integrated period mean Temporally integrated period mean bias Temporally integrated period mean bias score Temporally integrated period mean max month Temporally integrated mean phase shift Temporally integrated mean phase shift score Temporally integrated period mean rmse Temporally integrated period mean rmse score Spatially integrated regional mean cycle Spatially integrated regional mean detrended cycle Spatially integrated regional mean

  Title:

FluxNet Tower eddy covariance measurements (Tier 1)

  Version:

2015

  Institutions:

FluxNet, AmeriFlux, AfriFlux, AsiaFlux, ChinaFlux, Fluxnet-Canada, KoFlux, CarboAfrica, CarboEuropeIP, CarboItaly, CarboMont, GreenGrass, OzFlux-TERN, LBA, NECC, ICOS, TCOS-Siberia, and USCCC

  References:

Reichstein, M., D. Papale, R. Valentini, M. Aubinet, C. Bernhofer, A. Knohl, T. Laurila, A. Lindroth, E. Moors, K. Pilegaard, and G. Seufert (2007), Determinants of terrestrialecosystem carbon balance inferred from European eddy covarianceflux sites, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L01402, doi:10.1029/2006GL027880

Lasslop, G., M. Reichstein, D. Papale, A.D. Richardson, A. Arneth, A. Barr, P. Stoy, and G. Wohlfahrt (2010), Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation, Global Change Biology, 16, 187-208, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02041.x

Knauer, J., S. Zaehle, B.E. Medlyn, M. Reichstein, C.A. Williams, M. Migliavacca, M.G. De Kauwe, C. Werner, C. Keitel, P. Kolari, J.-M. Limousin, and M.-L. Linderson (2018), Towards physiologically meaningful water use efficiency estimates from eddy covariance data, Global Change Biology, 24(2), 694-710, doi:10.1111/gcb.13893

  Comment:

Fluxnet variable(s) used: LE_F_MDS